Jumat, 29 April 2016

Creating a Linked Table

Linking (also known as attaching) a table from an external database allows you to read data, update and add data (in most cases), and create queries using the table in the same way as you would with a table native to the database.
With Microsoft Jet you can create links to Microsoft Jet data, ISAM data (Text, FoxPro, dBASE, etc.), and ODBC data. Tables that are linked through ODBC are sometimes called pass-through tables.
The following listings demonstrate how to create a table that is linked to a table in another Microsoft Jet database.

DAO
Sub DAOCreateAttachedJetTable()
   Dim db As DAO.Database
   Dim tbl As DAO.TableDef

   ' Open the database
   Set db = DBEngine.OpenDatabase(".\NorthWind.mdb")

   ' Create a new TableDef object.
   Set tbl = db.CreateTableDef("Authors")

   ' Set the properties to create the link
   tbl.Connect = ";DATABASE=.\Pubs.mdb;pwd=password;"
   tbl.SourceTableName = "authors"

   ' Add the new table to the database.
   db.TableDefs.Append tbl

   db.Close
End Sub

ADOX
Sub ADOCreateAttachedJetTable()
   Dim cat As New ADOX.Catalog
   Dim tbl As New ADOX.Table

   ' Open the catalog
   cat.ActiveConnection = "Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;" & _
      "Data Source=.\NorthWind.mdb;"

   ' Set the name and target catalog for the table
   tbl.Name = "Authors"
   Set tbl.ParentCatalog = cat

   ' Set the properties to create the link
   tbl.Properties("Jet OLEDB:Create Link") = True
   tbl.Properties("Jet OLEDB:Link Datasource") = ".\Pubs.mdb"
   tbl.Properties("Jet OLEDB:Link Provider String") = ";Pwd=password"
   tbl.Properties("Jet OLEDB:Remote Table Name") = "authors"

   ' Append the table to the collection
   cat.Tables.Append tbl

   Set cat = Nothing
End Sub

To create a linked table, you must specify the external data source and the name of the external table. With DAO, the Connect and SourceTableName properties are used to specify this information. With ADOX, several Microsoft Jet provider-specific properties are used to create the link. When referencing the Table object's Properties collection prior to appending the Table to the Tables collection, you must first set the ParentCatalog property. This is necessary so ADOX knows from which OLE DB provider to receive the property information. See the section, "Appendix B: Properties Reference" for more information about the properties that are available in the Table object's Properties collection when using the Microsoft Jet Provider.
With ADOX, the Jet OLEDB:Link Datasource property contains only the file and pathname for the database. It does not contain the "database=;" prefix nor is it used to specify the database password or other connection options as the Connect property does in DAO. To specify other connection options in ADOX code, use the Jet OLEDB:Link Provider String property. You do not need to set this property unless you need to set extra connection options. In the previous example, if the pubs.mdb was not secured with a database password, you could omit the line of code that sets the Jet OLEDB:Link Provider String property.
When used for a user ID or a password, the value for this property follows the syntax for connection strings used for external data. The syntax is given in the Microsoft Jet Database Engine Programmer's Guide. Specifically, you must use "uid=;" and "pwd=;" to set the user ID and password, respectively, and not "User ID=;" or "Password=;".
Notice that when creating an attached table using both DAO and ADOX it is not necessary to create columns on the table. The Microsoft Jet database engine will automatically create the columns based on the definition of the table in the external data source.
This next example shows how to create a table that is linked to a table in an ODBC data source such as a Microsoft SQL Server database. 

DAO
Sub DAOCreateAttachedODBCTable()
   Dim db As DAO.Database
   Dim tbl As DAO.TableDef

   ' Open the database
   Set db = DBEngine.OpenDatabase(".\NorthWind.mdb")

   ' Create a new TableDef object.
   Set tbl = db.CreateTableDef("Titles")

   ' Set the properties to create the link
   tbl.Connect = "ODBC;DSN=ADOPubs;UID=sa;PWD=;"
   tbl.SourceTableName = "titles"

   ' Add the new table to the database.
   db.TableDefs.Append tbl

   db.Close
End Sub

ADOX
Sub ADOCreateAttachedODBCTable()
   Dim cat As New ADOX.Catalog
   Dim tbl As New ADOX.Table

   ' Open the catalog
   cat.ActiveConnection = "Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;" & _
      "Data Source=.\NorthWind.mdb;"

   ' Set the name and target catalog for the table
   tbl.Name = "Titles"
   Set tbl.ParentCatalog = cat

   ' Set the properties to create the link
   tbl.Properties("Jet OLEDB:Create Link") = True
   tbl.Properties("Jet OLEDB:Link Provider String") = _
      "ODBC;DSN=ADOPubs;UID=sa;PWD=;"
   tbl.Properties("Jet OLEDB:Remote Table Name") = "titles"

   ' Append the table to the collection
   cat.Tables.Append tbl

   Set cat = Nothing
End Sub

Unlike DAO, which has a single Connect property, ADOX with the Microsoft Jet Provider has a separate property that specifies the connection string for tables attached through ODBC. When creating tables attached through ODBC you may want to indicate that the password should be saved as part of the connection string (it is not saved by default). With ADOX, use the Jet OLEDB:Cache Link Name/Password property to indicate that the password should be cached. This is equivalent to setting the dbAttachSavePWD flag in the Table object's Attributes property using DAO.


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